Flowering
morphology and botanical behaviour of flowers in vegetables receives prime
importance for crop production as well as for crop improvement. The botanical
behaviours includes the reproductive biology viz. anthesis, anther dehiscence, pollen
fertility, stigma receptivity etc.
Reproductive biology of some vegetable crops are mentioned below
Crop
|
Time of
|
Duration of
|
Reported at
|
||
Anthesis
|
Anther dehiscence
|
Pollen fertility
|
Stigma receptivity
|
||
Tomato
|
7.00-8.00 am
|
9.00-11.00 am
|
On the day of anthesis
|
16hr before anthesis to the
day of anthesis
|
India
|
Potato
|
5.00-6.00 am
|
8.00-11.00 am
|
On the day of anthesis to
next day early morning
|
On the day of anthesis to
next day afternoon
|
US
|
Chilli
|
5.00-6.00 am
|
8.00-11.00 am
|
On the day of anthesis
|
On the day of anthesis
|
India
|
EggPlant/Brinjal
|
6.00-11.30 am
|
4.15-11.00 am,
On the next day morning also
|
On the day of anthesis to 2
days after anthesis
|
2-3 hr before anthesis to 2
days after anthesis
|
India
|
7.00 am-2.00 pm
|
7.15 am to 2.00 pm
|
On the day of anthesis
|
1 day before to 2 day after
anthesis
|
India
|
|
Okra
|
8.00-10.30 am
|
6.00-11.00 am
|
6.00 am-12.00 pm
|
1 day before anthesis
|
India
|
Pea
|
5.45-6.30 am
|
5.45-7.30 am
|
On the day of anthesis and 24
hr thereafter
|
48 hr before ^ 24 hr after
anthesis
|
India
|
Lablab bean
|
9.00 am-5.00 pm
|
5.00 am – 2.00 pm
|
On the day of anthesis
|
On the day of anthesis
|
India
|
French bean
|
5.00-7.00 am
|
5.30-7.30 am
|
On the day of anthesis
|
On the day of anthesis with a
maximum peak between 7.00-8.00 am
|
India
|
Cluster Bean
|
9.00 am-4.00 pm
|
1-2 hr before anthesis
|
2 hr before to 11hr after
anthesis
|
On the day of anthesis
|
India
|
Cowpea
|
7.00-9.00 am
|
10.0 am to 12.45 pm
|
On the day of anthesis
|
1 day before to one day after
anthesis
|
India
|
Winged Bean
|
9.00-11.0 am
|
1-2 hr before anthesis i.e.
6.0-7.0 am
|
24-48 hr after anthesis
|
On the day of anthesis (max
receptivity)
|
India
|
Lettuce
|
7.0-8.0 am
|
Shortly before anthesis
(6.30-8.0 am)
|
On the day of anthesis
|
From 5th-8th
day after anthesis
|
California
|
Sweet Potato
|
4.00 am-2.00 pm
|
Simultaneously or 2 hr after
anthesis
|
On the day of anthesis
|
On the day of anthesis
|
India
|
Onion
|
6.0-7.0 am
|
7.00 am to 5.0 pm and next
day with a peak between 9.30 am to 5.0 pm
|
On the day of anthesis
|
On the day of anthesis
|
California
|
Carrot
|
Morning
|
Shortly after anthesis
|
On the day of anthesis
|
After pollen dehiscence and on
the day of anthesis
|
California
|
Radish
|
9.0-10.0 am
|
9.0-10.0 am
|
On the day of anthesis. When stored
at 30C,
pollen remain viable for 60 days.
|
During anthesis and last for
4 days
|
India
|
Cabbage
|
8.00-10.00 am
|
8.00-10.30 ma
|
On the day of anthesis
|
2-3 day before anthesis
|
Japan
|
Knol-Khol
|
8.00-10.00 am
|
8.00-10.30 am
|
On the day of anthesis
|
On the day of anthesis
|
India
|
Palak
|
7.00 am to 5.00 pm
|
8.30 am to 6.30 pm
|
On the day of anthesis
|
6 hr before to 8 hr after
anthesis
|
India
|
Muskmelon
|
5.30-6.30 am
|
5.00-6.00 am
|
5.00 am to 2.00 pm
|
2 hr before to 2-3 hr after
anthesis
|
India
|
Watermelon
|
6.00-7.30 am
|
5.00-6.30 am
|
5.00-11.00 am
|
2 hr before to 3 hr after
anthesis
|
India
|
Bottle gourd
|
5.00 pm-8.00 pm
|
1.00 pm-2.30 pm
|
On the day of anthesis till
next morning
|
36 hr before and 60 hr after
anthesis
|
India
|
Bitter Gourd
|
9.00-10.30 am
|
7.00-8.00 am
|
5.00 am to 12.00 pm
|
1 day before and 1 day after
anthesis
|
-
|
Snake Gourd
|
6.00 pm-9.00 pm
|
Shortly before anthesis
|
10 hr before and 49 after
anthesis
|
7 hr before to 51 hr after
anthesis
|
-
|
Ridge Gourd
|
5.00 pm-8.00 pm
|
5.00 pm-8.00 pm
|
Winter: On the day of anthesis to
2-3 days after anthesis
Rainy: on the day to till 1.5 days
of anthesis
|
6hr before to 84 hr after anthesis
|
-
|
Lagenaria
aegyptica
|
4.00-8.00 am
|
4.00-8.00 am
|
On the day of anthesis
|
10 hr before to 120 hr after
anthesis
|
India
|
Ash gourd
|
6.00-7.00 am
|
3.00-4.00 am
|
7.00 am to 4.00 pm
|
12 hr before to 36 he after
anthesis
|
India
|
Cucumber
|
5.30-7.00 am
|
4.30-5.00 am
|
Up to 14 hrs
|
12 hr before to 6-7 hr after
anthesis
|
India
|
Summer squash
|
3.30-6.00am
|
9.00 pm to 3.00 am
|
16 hr after anthesis
|
2hr before and 10 hr after
anthesis
|
India (Ludhiana)
|
2.20-3.45 am
|
-
|
-
|
Throughout the open flower
period.
|
India (Mysore)
|
|
GOOD..DESERVES APPRICIATION
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